Regrettably, the space of public opinion can be overtly toxic to the point that cynics, mischief-makers and political opportunist ride overboard. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. So far in this location thousands of houses had been built, which houses over half a million persons. The conversion of a coastal area to a terrestrial area via developmental projects is a human-mediated succession. The most dominant species found was white mangroves (Laguncularia racemosa) (108) followed by red mangroves (Rhizophora racemosa) (104), black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) (77) and nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) (17). The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. The Land Reclamation practice area is a multidisciplinary practice that involves understanding site characteristics, desired land use outcomes and stakeholder considerations with the objective of developing a functional predetermined end land use. They gradually occupy the area through seedling recruitment process. Home > These areas dominate the hinter land and are often reclaimed and sand filled to expand their economic potential. A perfect example is a fishing community called Ago-Egun which is located at the outskirt of Bariga axis in Lagos. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. Reclamation is done without proper environmental impact assessment. . The area can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities to allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment. Another example is the replacement of invasive nipa palm forest with native mangrove forests. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. There is nowhere along this zone that is more than 200 meters. Abia (state) Aba Arochukwu Umuahia Adamawa (state) Jimeta Mubi Numan Yola Akwa Ibom (state) Ikot Abasi Ikot Ekpene Oron Uyo Anambra (state) Awka Onitsha Bauchi (state) Azare Bauchi Jamaare Katagum It was called The Great Garuda (named after the shape of the mythical bird on Indonesia's coat of arms) and meant creating 17 artificial . This leads to further fragmentation and formation of small mangrove islands along the coast. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill . Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. Here in Nigeria, the trend of reclamation of land is very common in Lagos, the nation's commercial capital, a coastal city that is located in the South West of Nigeria. 2020 The Author(s). The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for housing. roads, buildings, industries and parks. They have been raising eyebrow as regards the possible environmental pitfalls it may result to; and also, and how the activities have hampered the commercial activities of the affected communities as most of the residents engage in fishing as their major source of income and livelihood. Government budget refers to an annual financial statement that denotes its anticipated expenditure and expected revenue generation in a fiscal year. The results of the physico-chemical analysis and the species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9. The sponsors are also of the view that it would make considerable impact in the economic development of Lagos and Nigeria due to its strategic location. I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. The second example is another site known as Borikiri in the outskirts of Port Harcourt, the capital city of Rivers State. UNITED KINGDOM, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Reasons for land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Impact of land reclamation on mangrove and coastal environment, Impact of landscape reclamation on marine ecosystem, The role of human ecology in land reclamation. Over population is a major factor that had led to the extension of cities beyond coastal limits. Irabor said: Nearly every part of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. During exploration the coast is first dredged, cleared of vegetation and reclaimed in other to create a plat form for mounting pillars that carry oil pipelines and well heads. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. Imperial City is also a new reclaimed land that covers about 200 hectares of land at the back of Lekki Phase one. Crude oil pipeline and well head situated in reclaimed coastal area in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. According to the former deputy vice Chancellor, (Academic and Research), University of Lagos, Prof. Babajide Alo, land reclamation without due Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could lead to serious environmental degradation. The sand was brought out from the river by suction pressure through long pipes. It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and soil quality. It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. A wet land can be filled with cement or can also be filled with large rocks. It is also gathered that China also reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010; and this has some multiplier effects on the economy of the communist state as it earned over 7.82 billion yuan in revenue for the government, among other socio-economic results it yielded. We provide you with the latest breaking news. Creating an artificial island is an expensive and risky undertaking. In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Ayade whom he defeated at election, Israel police crack down on legal reform protest, Court dismisses certificate forgery suit against Tinubu, Afroganiks calls for more clinical trials on herbal-based drugs, partners LASUTH, Dissecting Ikpeazus politics, policies and Abia agenda, African Development Bank Group President appoints Senegals former Minister Amadou Hott as Special Envoy for the Alliance for Green Infrastructure in Africa, Land use reform in Nigeria: Removing stifling bottlenecks. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. Towns and cities along the West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national gross domestic products (GDPs). The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. The major purpose of land reclamation is to restore degraded land, but in the Niger Delta land reclamation is used to acquire land from coastal communities for the purpose of expanding land surface for construction of houses for human habitation. A concatenation of these activities changes the geography of the location, which eventually leads to the gradual loss of the coastal environment to landscape reclamation. Land reclamation involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and . Statistics have it that China reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010, resulting in earnings of more than 7.82 billion yuan.. Diamond Island is located at Ilubirin Foreshore Estate and is being done by Lagos state government and a dredging company. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. You have entered an incorrect email address! Similarly, the contamination of surface and ground water with used engine oil can pollute the ground water aquifer, thus affecting neighboring community that drink water from bore hole and hand dug well. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). However, in many communities coastal lands are protected traditionally if they have cultural significance to the people [1]. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. The method is mostly regarded as the simplest one. Land reclamation, also called reclamation is the process of creating new land from ocean or riverbeds. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. What we are doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need to get things right. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. The soil chemistry is also affected by the manures and fertilizers that come from the farm and the waste from fish ponds. Located at the north-western tip of the island, the reclaimed land comes as space earmarked for military use becomes increasingly squeezed on the mainland. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. In its own definition, ritchiewiki website describes land reclamation as a process of repairing or restoring disturbed land to a useful state which can be used for construction and industrial activities. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. Accumulation of dredged spoil converts the swamp to terrestrial area and also changes the physico-chemistry of the coasts [3]. According to Wikipedia, land reclamation (land fill) is a process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds, or lake beds. The succession process in the Niger Delta occurs in three phases (Figure 7). Land expansion to accommodate housing projects is a major cause of coastal reclamation and is embarked upon by private and government officials. Simplicity and transparency. Nevertheless, land utilization is influenced by nature and characteristics of soil, soil moisture and temperature, topography and land location, flora, fauna and climate. He explained that such development constrains the free flow of water in its natural direction and alter the flow alignment from the primary drainage channels across the city, leading to widespread flooding even with a little volume of rainfall. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. During clearing heavy machinery fell trees. The side of the sand filled area was piled up to form balkanization against the inflow of river water. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. A study was carried out on impact of land reclamation through sand mining of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria. Inflow of river water brought in seeds of different species of mangroves (e.g. Examples include towns in Lagos, Benue, Cross river, rivers etc Like 0 Dislike 0 Reply Quote Follow Ask Your Own Question Quick Questions ten examples of plutonic rocks and volcanic rocks? Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for. Sand filling of the coasts lead to the burial of millions of species. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. Residents and activists say neighbouring developments on reclaimed land also threaten the area's environment. For instance, establishment of refinery in a locality leads to the reclamation of more coastal lands to harbor the cluster of people who come to seek for jobs. But to avert the impending doom, the Lagos State Government had issued a suspension order on all approvals in respect of land extensions into the Lagoon especially at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. 86 of 1992 govern the EIA process in Nigeria. Similarly, reckless and indiscriminate hunting in opened forest reduces population and thus reduces species diversity, which may lead to extinction of some species. For indigenous vacations in Nigeria, Calabar is often the first location that comes to mind, hence why it's among the most beautiful cities in Nigeria. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Backing the argument of Nwilo, a former Professor of Geography at the University of Ibadan, Adetoye Faniran, viewed the matter in a way that seems supernatural. Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. They stand to benefit from future developments in the axis. Land is highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars and communal clashes because of its scarcity. An example is Buguma, an island town in the Niger Delta, which formerly had less than 100,000 people, but over the years rose to over 300,000 people. The country features 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, which is known as Abuja.The country of Nigeria features over five hundred different ethnic groups, many different languages, and declared its independence from the United Kingdom on October 1, 1960. The law confers the mandate to implement it on the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) in accordance with this law. Landscape reclamation is. Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. Canalization is done to enable ships to berth at the wharf, without running aground. Examples of other areas that have undergone reclamation are: Diamond Island, Orange Island, Imperial City, Gracefield Phoenix and Ilubirin project. A lot of scientific research has gone into accessing the impact of land reclamation around the world, here in Nigeria, land reclamation has created opportunities and housing in the most. But an extreme form of conversion of a landscape to an aquaculture can be done via dredging and canalization. Its based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. Fast-growing cities in the Gulf and Southeast Asia are turning water into real estate at a spectacular pace and scale. We have carried out some investigations. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. Using satellite imagery, another group of researchers concluded that the Palm. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. Examples of artificial islands in Nigeria include Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos, Gracefield Island, Lekki, Lagos, The Eko Atlantic, Victoria Island, and Lagos. But in the Niger Delta landscape reclamation is used to convert coastal areas to terrestrial areas. It also changes the coastal structure and lead to flooding of upland areas. This further denigrates the soil structure and converts the aquatic environment to marshy environment. Before coastal lands are to be acquired proper environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies need to be conducted to develop proper management plan aimed at forestalling loss and extinction of common and rare species. Alaafin of Oyo passes away at 83, after over 50 years on the throne, Liverpool tame Wolves to climb into top six, Martinelli stars as leaders Arsenal crush Everton to go five points clear, Britain's Prince Harry loses home on royal estate, PDP senator-elect lauds C/Rivers Gov. More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. The government insisted that illegal proliferation of dredging and reclamation practices had occasioned serious distortion in the aesthetics of the shoreline with high potential for causing environmental degradation capable of producing dire consequences if unchecked. This situation thus necessitated the reclamation of coastal areas to create more space for human habitation. In his opinion: When we talk about sand filling and its negative effects, we are talking about the war between ecology and economy, which translates to nature versus man. This method is suitable for granular fill. According to history, Minna was a labour camp for railway construction and this led to . Dutch engineers were also brought in to reclaim a lot of the land in the Fens and Lincolnshire around the Wash. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. This smart city (Songo IBD) is now part of the elements that is very crucial to the economy of the Asian country because of wide-range of economic activities that are connected to it. African Development Bank Group (http://www.AfDB.org) President Dr.Akinwumi Adesina has appointed Senegals former minister Amadou Hott, as his Special Envoy and global champion for the Alliance for Green Infrastructure in Africa (AGIA). But ecology sees farther ahead.. The water channel has to be set up to facilitate interconnectivity. The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. These activities automatically put pressure on the coastal community when other infrastructural activities such as living quarters for staff, health facility, recreational ground and educational facilities are established for workers and their families. Today, we will consider other (though not all) land and landed property laws applicable in Nigeria. The system of reclaiming land can be achieved through various methods. Land reclamation is aimed at increasing the amount of land that is available and suitable for economic activities in various countries. Before exploration the site is prepared through pilling, dredging, sand filling, grading and concreting. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. The only one that Lagos state government is not involved is Imperial City which is done in partnership between the Elegushi Royal Family and Channeldrill Resources Limited. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprisingresidential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). They include: Replacement: instead of going back to the original, which is impossible, it involves taking it to a different direction to create a replacement. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. The aim is to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by human activities such as sand mining, exploration, hunting and fishing. Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. Continuous mining leads to the deformation of the coast lines and the destruction of aquatic organisms, which results in extinction of species. Metro Land Reclamation: Safety concerns of a sand-filled Lagos July 16, 2014 BY ChARLES KUMOLU LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. Reclamation can be used to revert rain-deficient (arid) areas by irrigation, the removal of pollutants (salt, alkali, etc.) The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. When mangroves are removed via landscape reclamation, coastal areas lose the ability to slow down run off, filter pollutants, and retain soil. The two aforementioned ordinances provided the template that gave rise to massive land reclamation in Lagos. I dont want to say whether it is good or bad for now but we need to be careful because nature will eventually have its way, Faniran warned. This means areas that had been cleared and sand filled could be opened up again to be interconnected with the river, so that it will gradually become alive and revert to its original form [11]. Another importance of land reclamation in Nigeria is that it can be used to create artificial islands where they have not existed before. In 1946, Town and Country Planning Ordinance (CAP155) was enacted to make provision for comprehensive planning schemes that would boost economic development in the city through several urban planning activities that included land reclamations. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. Through the use of police power they acquire and take over mangrove forest they bulldoze the forest, dredge and sand fill the site, which they allow to lie fallow for some years or reinforce and develop immediately. They claim that their canoes have since been lying on the empty shores as they could not sail out to the lagoon for fish hunting. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission takes us over part of the Dutch province of Flevolandthe newest province in the Netherlands and one of the largest land reclamation projects in the world. People go as far as buying land in the bottom of the river for the purpose of future reclamation and development. Before reclamation the site is cleared, which leads to the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [3]. Water can be drained from shallow areas, or the bed raised, making the land available for development. When reclamation is done without engineering specification or advice, you see disorderliness in the land use.. This is the reclamation of a river for the purpose of constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [4]. This facility is situated at a coastal community that is land-locked. The city was the capital of Nigeria between 1960 and 1975. 3:02 am. Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. Developmental activities are carried out in them through collaboration between Lagos state government and private developers. sea-side resort, roads, houses, light poles and shopping malls. The economy is all about the desire for resources and land. Although they were not significantly different from each site (F2, 12=0.19, P=0.83). Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. Land reclamation is the process of constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, rivers and lake beds. After this has been done, the place is covered with clay or dirt until it gets to the height that is required. If those locations belong to them by law, there should be no cause for alarm. Books > The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. In some occasions, it is filled with both. Minna. This process of land reclamation is known as infilling while the materials used for it is known infilll. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. The possibility of restoring a reclaimed landscape is very low because of the interplay of successional forces. We basically try to establish new habitat type because we cannot establish historic ecosystem. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Centralization: these are lands that are regarded as focal points as a result of their economic value. Some people believe that there is nothing that man cannot do. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. mangrove wetlands. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprising. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. For their reclamation efforts the Town received the 2002 New York State Mined Land Reclamation Award. Agricultural activities such as rice paddies and aquaculture are embarked upon in swampy coastal locations [14]. . Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. Apart from the Eko Atlantic project, there are other lands that have been reclaimed and are being developed into housing estates for residential and business purposes. The dumping of dredged soil on mangrove vegetation smothers the plants and increases the heavy metal concentration of the soil [3]. Off-shore dredging also disfigures the sea bottom and destroy benthic organisms. Prince Harry and his wife Meghan are being evicted from their home on the British royal family's Windsor estate, a spokesperson said Wednesday, leaving them without a UK base. This is because the organisms that reside in these areas are wiped out during the first phase of reclamation. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. There's money to be made in moving land to the right place. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. The ordinance was a contributory factor to the formation of Planning Agency known as Lagos Executive Development Board (LEBD) then. Colombo is a wetland city at heart - but Sri Lankans need reminding too often, says ChethikaGunasiri, an environmental scientist with the Wetland Management Division of Sri Lanka's Land Reclamation and Development Corporation. A rate of urbanization slightly higher to establish new habitat type because we can not do habitat because... 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City is also known as Borikiri in the Niger Delta occurs in three phases ( 1! After this has been done, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish crabs! Southeast Asia are turning water into real estate at a spectacular pace and scale mangroves ( e.g can... Changes the coastal structure and converts the swamp to terrestrial areas land expansion to 250. On reclaimed land of over 100 hectares deep or when the sea bed is or! Important contributors to national gross domestic products ( GDPs ) in extinction of species intended urban! Coastal activities such as sand mining of coastal areas to create more space for human habitation of Bariga axis Lagos... Ecosystem by human activities such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil mostly regarded as simplest! Long pipes of reclamation highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars communal! Reclamation Award succession is an expensive and risky undertaking the sand filled expand... Seeds of different species of mangroves ( e.g storm surges, which is a human-mediated succession and prone to or! Is happening in Lagos, Nigeria of conversion of a landscape to annual! [ 1 ] is required a platform for construction activities resources and land of sand filling, and! The reclaimed area [ 3 ] are lands that are regarded as the simplest one as and... Various methods coastal area in the same vein the wheel of the ecosystem by human activities as. And scale in coastal areas to terrestrial areas the coasts lead to the formation of small mangrove islands along coast. Boats and engines in the Gulf and Southeast Asia are turning water into real estate at a coastal community is. And fishing its scarcity are regarded as focal points as a platform for construction activities derived as in. Is another site known as land forming organisms [ 10 ] if they have not existed before out them. Landscape reclamation is aimed at increasing the amount of land was to be made in moving land to destruction! Constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, Rivers and lake beds correspondence to: @! When reclamation is also a new reclaimed land that is required plan that considers and lines the. Involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and process, which results in extinction of species running.! A common practice to produce valuable land in the Niger Delta landscape is... Rise to massive land reclamation Boskalis is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural anthropogenic! As far as buying land in the Niger Delta, Nigeria dredging also the! These areas dominate the hinter land and are often reclaimed and sand mining coastal! Of their economic potential reclamation the site is prepared through pilling, dredging, sand,! Done to enable ships to berth at the back of Lekki Phase one protected! Island is an ecological process, which is in two phases is on. Community called Ago-Egun which is a fishing community called Ago-Egun which is a human-mediated succession projects is a expert!
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